Arthur Neville Chamberlain (March 18, 1869 - November 9, 1940) served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from May 1937 to May 1940.He is best known for his appeasement foreign policy, and in particular for his signing of the Munich Agreement in 1938, conceding the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia to Germany. When Adolf Hitler continued his aggression by invading Poland, Britain declared war on Germany on 3 September 1939, and Chamberlain led Britain through the first eight months of the Second World War.