Lords of Nibiru in Mesopotamia

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The Sumerian celestial object Nibiru signified the deity Marduk. The name is of Akkadian origin and means 'crossroads' or 'transition point.' The vast majority of Babylonian literature relates it to Jupiter. In Tablet 5 of the Enuma Elish, the pole star at the time may have been Thuban or Kochab (Ursa Minor). The term 'Nibiru' is taken from 5,000-year-old Sumerian literature and cuneiform tablets. The Sumerian civilization flourished in the fertile regions between the Euphrates and Tigris rivers in the southern area of modern-day Iraq. Its cuneiform symbol was often a cross or a variety of winged discs. Nibiru is often referred to as the 'Planet of the Crossing.'

In the reconstruction of Tablet V of the Enuma Elish by Landsberger and Kinnier Wilson, the term 'pole star' is rendered as 'ni-bi-ri.' It has several variations, such as 'ni-bi-ru' and 'ni-bi-a-na.' Landsberger and Kinnier Wilson think it alludes to a permanent point in the skies since it is contrasted with the term itebbiru, which signifies 'who previously crossed.' Tablet V's referenced translation uses the phrase 'polar star' despite substantial evidence that neberu was a planet in the late eras, either Jupiter or Mercury, according to the authors' remarks.

According to the discoveries of ancient astronomers, Nibiru is an actual planet or brown dwarf inside our solar system. Established scientific organizations in astronomy and archaeology consider these hypotheses pseudoscience or fringe science. According to Sumerian cosmology, the twelfth planet in the solar system was Nibiru (which includes 10 planets, the Sun, and the Moon). The Earth, the asteroid belt, and the Moon would have originated due to a catastrophic collision between the planet and Tiamat, a planet between Mars and Jupiter.