'Second Treatise of Government' is a seminal work in political philosophy written by John Locke, originally published in 1689. In this treatise, Locke discusses the nature of political authority, the origins of government, and the rights of individuals within society. He argues that legitimate political authority arises from the consent of the governed and that governments exist to protect natural rights, such as life, liberty, and property. Locke's ideas have had a profound influence on modern political thought, particularly in discussions of democracy, individual rights, and the social contract.