The Adventure of the Musgrave Ritual is a short story published in 1893 in which Sherlock Holmes recounts one of his earliest cases to Watson. Reginald Musgrave, an old university acquaintance, consults Holmes after his clever but arrogant butler, Brunton, vanishes from the ancestral estate following an incident involving an ancient family document known as the Musgrave Ritual. The ritual itself is a cryptic series of questions and answers that has been passed down through generations of Musgraves without anyone understanding its meaning. Holmes realizes the text is not mere tradition but a set of precise instructions that, when followed on the grounds of the estate, lead to a long-buried secret connected to English history—and to the tragic fate of the missing butler.